Medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA), commonly known under the brand Provera, is a synthetic progestin widely used in hormone therapy regimens to counteract the effects of estrogen on the endometrium in individuals who have a uterus. It is also used in contraception and treatment of menstrual disorders and endometriosis. In hormone replacement settings, MPA helps prevent endometrial hyperplasia and carcinoma that could result from unopposed estrogen. The dose and schedule (daily, cyclic, or continuous) depends on the overall hormone therapy plan. Because MPA is synthetic, its side-effect profile (including mood changes, weight gain, fluid retention, breast tenderness, altered lipid profile) may differ from natural progesterone. Regular follow-up should assess symptom relief, side-effects, and long-term risks (bone density, cardiovascular/metabolic health, breast health). When used for menopausal hormone therapy, MPA enables safer estrogen use in those with a uterus and helps create a balanced endocrine approach over the long term.
